Description
Create a class, called Complex, for modeling complex numbers, a + bi, and some complex number arithmetic/comparison operations.
Here is what should be included within this class:
- Include a no-argument constructor (to initialize a complex number to 0+0i).
- Include public member functions to perform these complex number tasks:
- Addition of complex numbers
- Subtraction of complex numbers
- Multiplication of complex numbers
- Division of complex numbers
- User input of a complex number
- Display of a complex number
- Conversion of a real number, r, to a complex number, r + 0i
- Check for equality of two complex numbers
Then, write a C++ program that will use the Complex class to repeatedly do one of the following tasks:
- Perform a complex number arithmetic operation. For this option, the program will ask the user to enter a complex number, an arithmetic operation (+, –, *, /), and a second complex number, and will then calculate and display the result of performing the arithmetic operation on the two input complex numbers.
- Determine if a complex number is a solution of a quadratic equation. For this option, the program will prompt for and read in the real number coefficients, a, b, and c, of a quadratic equation, ax2+bx+c=0. Next, it will prompt for and read in a complex number, z. Then, it will determine if z is a solution of the quadratic equation.
- Note: When checking for equality of two complex numbers, do not use the “is equal to” operator on the float values – instead, determine if the absolute value of the float values are smaller than a threshold value (something small, like 0.000001).
- To extract input of a complex number a + bi from keyboard, do the following:
double a, b;
char i;
cin >>a >> b >> i;
Complex Number Review:
A complex number is a number of the form a + bi where a and b are real numbers and i is the imaginary unit, .
- Addition/Subtraction:
- Multiplication:
- Division:
Here is output from a sample run of the program (user input in bold):
Select an option – (1) perform complex number arithmetic
(2) check for quadratic equation solution
(3) exit
1
Enter a complex number a+bi: 2+3i
Enter an operation (+, -, *, /): +
Enter a complex number a+bi: 4-8i
2+3i + 4-8i = 6-5i
Select an option – (1) perform complex number arithmetic
(2) check for quadratic equation solution
(3) exit
1
Enter a complex number a+bi: 2+9i
Enter an operation (+, -, *, /): –
Enter a complex number a+bi: 4+5i
2+9i – 4+5i = -2+4i
Select an option – (1) perform complex number arithmetic
(2) check for quadratic equation solution
(3) exit
1
Enter a complex number a+bi: 4+2i
Enter an operation (+, -, *, /): *
Enter a complex number a+bi: 4-2i
4+2i * 4-2i = 20+0i
Select an option – (1) perform complex number arithmetic
(2) check for quadratic equation solution
(3) exit
1
Enter a complex number a+bi: 4+8i
Enter an operation (+, -, *, /): /
Enter a complex number a+bi: 1-1i
4+8i / 1-1i = -2+6i
Select an option – (1) perform complex number arithmetic
(2) check for quadratic equation solution
(3) exit
2
Enter the coefficients of a quadratic equation: 1 -2 5
Enter a complex number a+bi: 1+2i
The complex number: 1+2i is a solution of the quadratic equation
Select an option – (1) perform complex number arithmetic
(2) check for quadratic equation solution
(3) exit
2
Enter the coefficients of a quadratic equation: 1 -2 5
Enter a complex number a+bi: 2+3i
The complex number: 2+3i is not a solution of the quadratic equation
Select an option – (1) perform complex number arithmetic
(2) check for quadratic equation solution
(3) exit
3
- Modify the Complex class from problem #1 and replace all arithmetic and relational operator member functions with appropriate overloaded operators (+, -, *, /, ==). In addition, add friend functions to overload the insertion and extraction operators (<< and >>) for use with the Complex class. Then modify the main function and any other stand-alone functions that make use of Complex objects to make use of the new overloaded operators.
- Write a class IntSet for modeling sets of integers in the range 0 through 99. A set should be represented internally as an array of type bool: The ith array element will be true whenever integer i is in the set and will be false whenever integer i is not in the set. Include a no-argument constructor that initializes a set to the so-called “empty set,” i.e., a set whose array representation contains all false values. The class should include the following overloaded operators:
+ to perform the union of two set (the union of sets A and B is the set that contains all
elements of set A or set B, or both).
* to perform the intersection of two sets (the intersection of sets A and B is the set that
contains all elements in both set A and set B.)
– to form the difference of two sets (the difference of sets A and B is the set containing those elements that are in A but not in B)
+= to add an integer into a set.
-= to delete an integer from a set.
== to determine if two sets are equal.
! to form the complement of a set (the complement of set A, denoted , is the set containing all the elements in the universal set that are not in A – the universal set for this problem is the set containing all integers between 0 and 99)
<= to determine if one set is a subset of another set (set A is a subset of set B means that for any element x in A, x is also an element of set B).
<< to display a set in roster notation (for example, {2, 3, 5, 9})
Requirement: The overloaded += and -= operators should check for valid integer input (in the range 0-99), or if an add-item is already in the set, or if a delete-item is not in the set. An error message for invalid input should be generated.
Then, write a C++ program that uses the new IntSet class. The program should allow the user to repeatedly select from these options:
- add numbers to a set
- remove numbers from a set
- form the union of two sets
- form the intersection of two sets
- form the difference of two sets
- determine if two sets are equal
- form the complement of an set
- determine if one set is a subset of another set
- display a set
The program should allow for up to ten sets to be created during a given program run. Use any stand-alone functions you feel necessary.
Here is output from a sample run of the program (user input in bold):
Select an option:
- – add numbers to a set
- – remove numbers from a set
- – form the union of two sets
- – form the intersection of two sets
- – form the difference of two sets
- – determine if two sets are equal
- – form the complement of an set
- – determine if one set is a subset of another set
- – display a set
- – Exit
1
Add numbers to which sets (A, B,C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :A
Enter number to add: 1
Add another (y or n): y
Enter number to add: 3
Add another (y or n): y
Enter number to add: 8
Add another (y or n): n
Select an option:
- – add numbers to a set
- – remove numbers from a set
- – form the union of two sets
- – form the intersection of two sets
- – form the difference of two sets
- – determine if two sets are equal
- – form the complement of an set
- – determine if one set is a subset of another set
- – display a set
- – Exit
9
Display set (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :A
{1, 3, 8}
Select an option:
- – add numbers to a set
- – remove numbers from a set
- – form the union of two sets
- – form the intersection of two sets
- – form the difference of two sets
- – determine if two sets are equal
- – form the complement of an set
- – determine if one set is a subset of another set
- – display a set
- – Exit
1
Add numbers to which sets (A, B,C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :B
Enter number to add: 2
Add another (y or n): y
Enter number to add: 3
Add another (y or n): y
Enter number to add: 7
Add another (y or n): n
Select an option:
- – add numbers to a set
- – remove numbers from a set
- – form the union of two sets
- – form the intersection of two sets
- – form the difference of two sets
- – determine if two sets are equal
- – form the complement of an set
- – determine if one set is a subset of another set
- – display a set
- – Exit
2
Remove numbers from which set (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :A
Enter number to remove: 1
Remove another (y or n): n
Select an option:
- – add numbers to a set
- – remove numbers from a set
- – form the union of two sets
- – form the intersection of two sets
- – form the difference of two sets
- – determine if two sets are equal
- – form the complement of an set
- – determine if one set is a subset of another set
- – display a set
- – Exit
3
Sets union – specify sets to use:
First set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :A
Second set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :B
Result set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :C
Select an option:
- – add numbers to a set
- – remove numbers from a set
- – form the union of two sets
- – form the intersection of two sets
- – form the difference of two sets
- – determine if two sets are equal
- – form the complement of an set
- – determine if one set is a subset of another set
- – display a set
- – Exit
4
Set intersection – specify sets to use:
First set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :A
Second set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :B
Result set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :D
Select an option:
- – add numbers to a set
- – remove numbers from a set
- – form the union of two sets
- – form the intersection of two sets
- – form the difference of two sets
- – determine if two sets are equal
- – form the complement of an set
- – determine if one set is a subset of another set
- – display a set
- – Exit
5
Set difference – specify sets to use:
First set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :A
Second set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :B
Result set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :E
Select an option:
- – add numbers to a set
- – remove numbers from a set
- – form the union of two sets
- – form the intersection of two sets
- – form the difference of two sets
- – determine if two sets are equal
- – form the complement of an set
- – determine if one set is a subset of another set
- – display a set
- – Exit
6
Set equality – specify sets to compare:
First set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :A
Second set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :B
These sets are not equal
Select an option:
- – add numbers to a set
- – remove numbers from a set
- – form the union of two sets
- – form the intersection of two sets
- – form the difference of two sets
- – determine if two sets are equal
- – form the complement of an set
- – determine if one set is a subset of another set
- – display a set
- – Exit
7
Set complement – specify sets to use:
Complement set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :A
Result set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :F
Select an option:
- – add numbers to a set
- – remove numbers from a set
- – form the union of two sets
- – form the intersection of two sets
- – form the difference of two sets
- – determine if two sets are equal
- – form the complement of an set
- – determine if one set is a subset of another set
- – display a set
- – Exit
8
Subsets – specify sets to compare:
First set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :A
Second set: (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :B
The first set is not a subset of the second
Select an option:
- – add numbers to a set
- – remove numbers from a set
- – form the union of two sets
- – form the intersection of two sets
- – form the difference of two sets
- – determine if two sets are equal
- – form the complement of an set
- – determine if one set is a subset of another set
- – display a set
- – Exit
9
Display set (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)? :B
{2, 3, 7}
Select an option:
- – add numbers to a set
- – remove numbers from a set
- – form the union of two sets
- – form the intersection of two sets
- – form the difference of two sets
- – determine if two sets are equal
- – form the complement of an set
- – determine if one set is a subset of another set
- – display a set
- – Exit
10
- Write a C++ program that will read in one or more lines of text and then determine the following:
- The number of uppercase letters in the text.
- The number of lowercase letters in the text.
- The number of digits in the text.
- The number of whitespace characters (i.e., blanks or newlines) in the text.
- The number of other, non-letter, non-digit, non-whitespace characters in the text.
After reading the text, the program should display the text followed by a display of all of the above statistics.
Suggestions and hints:
- Use a string variable to read the text into (since you do not know in advance how much text will be input).
- The getline function can be used to read in more than one line into a string To do this, specify a special terminating character as a “flag” to indicate input termination as the third parameter to getline when it is called to read. For example, getline(cin,text,’@’); will read text into the string variable text until a ‘@’ character is encountered.
- You may assume that the text to be entered does not contain the ‘@’
Output from a sample run of the program (user input is one line in bold):
A string is a joy forever! Enter 3 or 4 words: Am I a palindrome? Hello friends# Is this a valid
English sentence@
A string is a joy forever! Enter 3 or 4 words: Am I a palindrome? Hello friends# Is this a valid
English sentence
There were 113 total characters.
There were 7 upper case letters.
There were 78 lower case letters.
There were 2 digits.
There were 22 white space characters.
There were 4 other characters.
- Write a C++ program that repeatedly prompts for and reads an e-mail address and then determines and displays whether the address is valid or invalid. For purposes of this program, an e-mail address is valid if it satisfies these conditions:
- The address cannot contain blanks. For example, john smith@minneapolis.edu is not a valid e-mail address.
- The @ character must occur exactly once. For example, cs.dpu.edu and bar@cs@dpu are not valid e-mail addresses.
- The @ character cannot be the first character of the address. For example, @cs.dpu.edu is not a valid e-mail address.
- Every occurrence of the dot character (.)must have a non-@, non-dot character on both side. For example, bar@cs. , .ed@comcast.net, and bar@.depaul, .smith@bob.com are not valid e-mail addresses.
After reading an email address, the program should display it. If the address is valid, a message should be displayed stating that it is. For invalid addresses, the program should generate an error message for each of the above conditions that was violated.
Suggestions and hints:
- Use string class strings in your program.
- Write a separate bool-valued function to check each of the four invalidity checks given above. Each should receive the email address via a parameter and then return true if the email address is invalid according to the particular invalidity conditions.
- Use a bool array of size four to store the results of calling each of these invalidity check functions.
- If you have buffering problems when repeatedly reading strings and chars, make use of the function call ignore(80,’\n’) to clear the buffer at appropriate times.
Output from a sample run of the program (user input is one line in bold):
Enter the address: john smith@minneapolis.edu
You entered: john smith@minneapolis.edu
Not valid – contains a blank
Enter another (y or n)? y
Enter the address: baz.cs.dpu.edu
You entered: baz.cs.dpu.edu
Not valid – not exactly one ‘@’
Enter another (y or n)? y
Enter the address: bar@cs@dpu
You entered: bar@cs@dpu
Not valid – not exactly one ‘@’
Enter another (y or n)? y
Enter the address: @cs.dpu.edu
You entered: @cs.dpu.edu
Not valid – ‘@’ is first character
Enter another (y or n)? y
Enter the address: bar@cs.
You entered: bar@cs.
Not valid – a dot is first or last, or preceded or followed by @ or .
Enter another (y or n)? y
Enter the address: .ed@comcast.net
You entered: .ed@comcast.net
Not valid – a dot is first or last, or preceded or followed by @ or .
Enter another (y or n)? y
Enter the address: bar@.depaul
You entered: bar@.depaul
Not valid – a dot is first or last, or preceded or followed by @ or .
Enter another (y or n)? y
Enter the address: joe..smith@bob.com
You entered: joe..smith@bob.com
Not valid – a dot is first or last, or preceded or followed by @ or .
Enter another (y or n)? n
- The following C++ main driver, along with function myFunc, uses a C++ class DynArray that models a dynamic integer array – that is, the class uses dynamic memory allocation to create a contiguous block of memory for storing a specified number of integers. The indexing for a DynArray object is the same as for a regular array. But, a DynArray can be initialized to size zero.
Write the C++ DynArray class. Here is a brief description of all of the class functions that your class should include:
- No-argument constructor – initializes a DynArray object to being empty.
- One-argument constructor – uses dynamic memory allocation to obtain a contiguous block of memory for storing n int values, where n is its argument.
- show – displays the nth element in the DynArray. If the DynArray is empty or if n is an invalid index, this function should generate an error message.
- set – will set the nth element in the DynArray to x, where n is the value of its first argument and x is value of its second argument. If the DynArray is empty or if n is an invalid index, this function should generate an error message.
- expand – will take an existing DynArray and expand its size by its argument, s. Hint: To expand a DynArray, allocate a new, larger block of dynamic memory, copy the values from the old DynArray to the new memory, and deallocate the old memory.
- A destructor to deallocate dynamic memory when a DynArray object passes out of scope.
Requirement: When accessing the dynamic array elements in the set, show and expand member functions, you must use the dereferencing operator, *, along with pointer arithmetic instead of the array indexing operator, [].
Next, combine your DynArray class with the following main and myFunc code and run the resulting C++ program. The output generated from a run of your program should be similar to that shown in the output of a sample run given after the code.
void myFunc();
int main()
{
int size,more,i;
DynArray y;
cout << “Enter dynamic array size: “;
cin >> size;
DynArray x(size);
for(i=0;i<size;i++)
x.set(i,3*i);
for(i=0;i<size;i++)
x.show(i);
cout << “How much more dynamic array space do you want? “;
cin >> more;
x.expand(more);
for(i=0;i<(size+more);i++)
x.set(i,5*i);
for(i=0;i<(size+more);i++)
x.show(i);
x.show(size+more+5); //invalid index in show
x.set(-2,9); //invalid index in set
y.set(3,6); //empty DynArray set
y.show(3); //empty DynArray show
myFunc();
char ch; cin >> ch;
return 0;
}
void myFunc()
{
int i;
cout << “hi from myFunc…\n”;
DynArray y(5);
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
y.set(i,i*i);
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
y.show(i);
cout << “bye from myFunc…\n”;
}
Output from a sample run of the program (user input is in bold):
Enter dynamic array size: 3
0
3
6
How much more dynamic array space do you want? 2
0
5
10
15
20
Invalid index in show
Invalid index in set
Cannot set – DynArray empty
Cannot show – DynArray empty
hi from myFunc…
0
1
4
9
16
bye from myFunc…
hi from the DynArray destructor…
What you need to turn in:
- Source code listing: A printed copy of the source code for each problem. Remember to include the name of each group member in a comment at the top of your source code. Be sure to follow the “Code Style Guidelines” specified in class.
- Source code files: E-mail me your source code as attachments.
- Working in Groups: Every student will work with two other students in our class on this assignment; all members of the group must contribute to the solution. Turn in only one copy of the solution – clearly identify the name of each member on everything that you turn in.
- Late Assignments: Assignments are due before class on the specified due date (both the paper copies and the e-mail copies). If you wish to turn in the paper copy of an assignment after class, place them under my office door. Assignments turned in late will be assessed a 20% penalty per class day late.
